The main production processes of the updraft fixed bed gasifier include feeding, gasification, discharging charcoal (ash) , and gas transportation.

The main raw material of the updraft fixed bed gasifier is wood chip, which is transported to the top of the gasifier by a conveyor and then fed into the gasifier by a screw convevor (feeding auger) controlled by two material level meters.

The air required for the gasification process is supplied by a blower and enters the combustion layer through the fire grate. The raw material underges drying, pyrolysis, reduction, and combustion processes in the gasifier to generate biomass gas and charcoal, with a gas outlet temperature of 70-80 ℃, then the gas is sent to the boiler for combustion by a gas booster fan ( centrifugal fan with variable frequency).

The biomass charcoal after gasification is piled up on the fire grate. When it is necessary to remove the biomass charcoal that has accumulated on the grate after gasification, the hydraulic system drives the grate to rotate through a transmission device. This movement helps to push the biomass charcoal down below the gasifier.After being cooled by the bottom charcoal bin of the gasifier and indirectly cooled by a screw conveyor water-cooled jacket, the charcoal temperature drops to around 70 ℃.

Then, a screw conveyor with a cooling device is used to transport it to the transfer bin of the charcoal warehouse. The transfer bin is with packaging machine below to package the charcoal which is finally transported to the warehouse for storage.Negative pressure ventilation bag dust removal device is also installed at the packing place under the transfer warehouse.

Biomass Charcoal Gasifier is a machine that converts biomass such as wood chips, bamboo chips, fruit shells, rice husks, under a lean oxygen atmosphere into biochar and combustible gas which could be piped to heat supply system as gas fuel.

Thermal conversion of biomass produces solid co-products; these contain various concentrations of mineral matters and carbon.Ashes refer to solid co-product of complete combustion of the solid feed stock. Ashes contain mineral matter initially present in the feed stock. Biochar refers to solid co-products of gasification: Unlike complete combustion, mineral matters leaving the gasifier are linked to some carbon content.

All combustion of biomass, whether burned directly or heated indirectly to create a gas or liquid fuel to be consumed, creates CO2 emissions. However, many research papers have determined that the feed stocks used in a biomass energy facility that are sustainable and therefore re-grown, take carbon dioxide from our atmosphere and convert it to plant matter and release oxygen. By definition, within our plants, the carbon converted and emitted in the form of CO2 cannot exceed the amount of carbon we introduce into the system in the feedstock that was grown. Carbon dioxide is considered one of the “greenhouse gases” known to contribute to global warming and climate change. Because there is no additional carbon trapped in the atmosphere, the process is known as “carbon neutral”.

BIOMASS AND CARBON EMISSIONS
When biomass is converted to energy with the gasification process, all of the carbon released was captured (by the biomass) during its life cycle. This result in no additional carbon added to the environment (unlike resulting carbon emissions from the processing and consumption of fossil fuels, whose carbon has been ‘locked up’ for thousands of years).